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Sanskrit - English Word Glossary |
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NOTE: This dictionary is a work in progress and as such does not contain an exhaustive list of Sanskrit words. |
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ABHEDA: without difference
ABHIMANA: ego-centred
attachment
ABHYASA: spiritual practice
ACHARYA: preceptor
ADAMBHITVA:
unpretentiousness
ADHAMA-UDDHARAKA: uplifter of the
downtrodden
ADHIBHAUTIC: elemental
ADHIDAIVIC: celestial
ADHYATMIC:
spiritual
ADVAITA: non-duality
ADVAITA-NISHTHA: establishment in the state
of non-duality
AGNI: fire
AGNI-ASTRA: fire-missile
AGNIHOTRA: a
fire-offering
AHAM: "I" or the ego
AHAM BRAHMA ASMI: I am
Brahman
AHANGRAHA UPASANA: meditation in which the aspirant identifies
himself with Brahman
AHANKARA: egoism
AHIMSA: non-violence
AISVARYA:
divine powers
AJNA CHAKRA: centre of spiritual energy between the two
eyebrows
AJNANA: ignorance
AKHANDA EKARASA: the one undivided
Essence
AKARTA: non-doer
AKASA: ether
AKASAMATRA: ether
only
AKHANDA: indivisible
AKHANDAKARA: of the nature of
indivisibility
AMALAKA: phyllanthus emlica, Indian
gooseberry
AMRITA: nectar
AMRITA PUTRA: nectar's son
AMSA:
part
ANADI: beginningless
ANAHATA: mystic sounds heard by
Yogins
ANANDAGHANA: mass of bliss
ANANDAMAYA: full of bliss
ANANTA:
infinite
ANANYA BHAKTI: exclusive devotion to the Lord
ANASAKTA:
unattched
ANATMA: not-Self
ANITYA: transitory
ANNAMAYA KOSHA: food
sheath, the gross physical body
ANTARGATA: immanent
ANTARIKA:
internal
ANTAR-INDRIYA: internal sense-organ
ANTARJYOTIS: inner
Light
ANTARMUKHA VRITTI: introspective thought-current
ANTARVAHA SARIRA:
the subtle body of a Yogi by which he accomplishes entry into the bodies of
others
ANUBHAVA: spiritual realisation
ANUBHAVA-GURU: preceptor who has
had pesonal spiritual realisation
ANUSANDHANA: enquiry into the nature of
Brahman
ANVAYA: the positive aspect
APANA: the down-going
breath
APANCHIKRITA: non-quintuplicated
APAS: water
APAVADA-YUKTI:
employment of the logical method of negation
ASABDA:
soundless
ASAMPRAJNATA SAMADHI: superconscious state where the mind is
totally annihilated
ASANA: bodily pose
ASANGA: unattached
ASHRAMA:
hermitage
ASHTA: eight
ASHTAVADHANA: doing eight things at a
time
ASTI-BHATI-PRIYA: same as Satchidananda, the eternal qualities inherent
in Brahman
ASTRA: a missile invoked with a Mantra
ASUBHA:
inauspicious
ASUDDHA: impure
ASUDDHA MANAS: impure mind
ASVANI MUDRA: a
Hatha Yogic Kriya
ATMA(N): the Self
ATMA-DRISHTI: the vision of seeing
everything as the Self
ATMA-JNANA: Knowledge of the Self
ATMAKARA:
pertaining to Atman
ATMA-SAKSHATKARA: Self-realisation
ATMA-SAKTI:
Soul-power
AVASTHA: state
AVICHHINNA: continuous
AVIDYA:
nescience
AVINASI: imperishable
AVYAKTA: unmanifest
BAHIR-VRITTI: same as
above
BAHIR-VRITTI-NIGRAHA: restraint of the outgoing
thought-current
BAHYA-VRITTI-NIGRAHA: same as above
BHAJANA: devotional
singing
BHAKTA: devotee
BHAKTI YOGA: the Yoga of devotion
BHASTRIKA
PRANAYAMA: a type of breathing exercise
BHAVA(NA): attitudinal
feeling
BHAVA-SAMADHI: supeconscious state attained by devotees through
intense divine emotion
BHEDA BUDDHI: the intellect which divides
BHOGA:
enjoyment
BHOKTRITVA: the stage of being an enjoyer
BHRANTIMATRA: mere
illusion
BHUTAJAYA: control over the elements
BHUTA-SAKTI: the power of
the element
BRAHMACHARI(N): celibate
BRAHMACHARYA: celibacy
BRAHMAKARA
VRITTI: thought of Brahman
BRAHMA LOKA: the world of Brahma, the four-headed
Creator
BRAHMAN: the Absolute Reality
BRAHMANA: member belonging to the
priestly caste
BRAHMA NADI: same as Sushumna
BRAHMA-NISHTHA: one who is
established in the Knowledge of Brahman
BRAHMANUBHAVA:
Self-realisation
BRAHMIN: Same as Brahmana
BUDDHI: intellect
CHAKRA: centre of spiritual
energy
CHANCHALA: wavering
CHANCHALATA: tossing of the
mind
CHARANAMRITA: water sanctified by the feet of a Deity or of a holy
man
CHATAK: a bird
CHELA (Hindi): Disciple
CHIDGHANA: mass of
consciousness
CHINMAYA: full of consciousness
CHINTANA:
thinking
CHIRANJIVI: one who has gained eternal life
CHIT-MATRA:
consciousness alone
CHIT-SVARUPA: of the very form of
consciousness
CHITTA: subconscious mind
CHITTA-SUDDHI: purity of mind
DAMBHA: hypocrisy
DANA:
charity
DARPA: vanity
DARSANA: vision
DEHADHYASA: attachment to the
body, identification with the body
DEHATMA-BUDDHI: the intellect that makes
one identify with the body
DEVA: a celestial being
DEVATA: a Deity, also
the Lord
DHAIRYA: courage
DHARANA: concentration
DHARMA: righteous
conduct; characteristic
DHRITI: spiritual patience
DHYANA:
meditation
DHYANA YOGA: the Yoga of meditation
DINABANDHU: friend of the
poor and the helpless, God
DOSHA: defect
DOSHA-DHRISHTI: the vision that
perceives defects
DRISHTI: vision
DRISHTI-SRISHTI VADA: the theory that
the world exists only so long as it is perceived
DURA-DRISHTI: distant
vision
DVAITA: dualism
EKAGRA:
one-pointed
EKAGRATA: one-pointedness of mind
GHRINA: ill-will
GUNA: quality
GURU: preceptor
HIRANYAGARBHA: Cosmic
mind
HITA: astral tubes near the heart
INDRIYA: sense-organ
ISVARA: Lord, God
JAGADGURU: world-preceptor
JAGAT:
world
JAGRAT: waking state
JALANDHARA BANDHA: a Hatha Yogic
exercise
JAPA: repetition of the Name of the Lord
JIVA: the individual
soul
JIVANMUKTA: one who is liberated in this life
JIVASRISHTI: creations
of the individual soul such as egoism, mine-ness, etc.
JIVATMA(N): the
individual soul
JNANA: knowledge of the Self
JNANA-BHUMIKA: plane of
knowledge
JNANAGNI: fire of spiritual knowledge
JNANA-INDRIYAS: organs of
knowledge or perception
JNANA YOGA: the Yoga of knowledge
JNANA YOGI(N):
one who practises the Yoga of Knowledge
JNANI(N): the sage of wisdom
KALPA: a period of
432,00,00,000 years
KALPANAMATRA: lying only in imagination
KAMA: desire,
lust
KAMANA: longing
KANDAMULA: roots and tubers
KARANA SARIRA: the
causal body or the seed body
KARIKA: commentary
KARMA: action operating
through the Law of Cause and Effect
KARMA-INDRIYAS: organs of action
KARMA
YOGI(N): one who practises the Yoga of selfless service
KASHAYA: a subtle
influence in the mind produced by enjoyment, hidden Vasana
KEVALA ASTI: pure
Existence
KIRTAN: singing the Lord's Name
KRIYA: Hatha Yogic
exercise
KRODHA: anger
KSHAMA: forgiveness
KSHATRIYA: member belonging
to the ruling caste
KULA-KUNDALINI: same as Kundalini
KUMBHAKA: retention
of breath
KUNDALINI: the primordial cosmic energy located in the
individual
KUTASTHA: the rock-seated, unchanging Brahman
LAKSHYA: goal
LAYA: absorption
LILA: divine
sport
LILA-VILASA: the splendour of divien sport
LINGA SARIRA: the subtle
body, the astral body
LOBHA: covetousness
LOKA-KALYAN(A): good of the
world
MADHUKARI BHIKSHA: alms collected from door to door like a bee
collecting honey from flower to flower
MAHABHEDA: a Hatha Yogic
Kriya
MAHARAJA: emperor
MAHARSHI: great sage
MAHATMA: great
soul
MAHAVAKYA: (Lit.) Great sentence; Upanishadic declarations, four
in number, expressing the identity between the individual soul and the Supreme
Soul
MAHAVAKYANUSANDHANA: enquiry into the truth of the
Mahavakyas
MALA-VASANA-RAHITA: free from impurities and subtle
desires
MANO-MANDIR: temple of mind
MANAS: mind
MANDALA: region,
sphere
MANIPURA CHAKRA: centre of spiritual energy in the region of the
navel
MANONASA: annihilation of the mind
MANTRA: incantation
MANTRA
SIDDHI: psychic power acquired through repetition of Mantra
MARGA:
path
MATRA: unit; alone
MATSARYA: jealousy
MAUJA (Urdu): sweet
will
MOUNA: silence
MAYA: the illusory power of Brahman
MAYURASANA: the
peacock pose
MITHYA-DRISHTI: the vision that the universe is
unreal
MITHYATVA-BUDDHI: the intellect that considers this world as
unreal
MOHA: delusion
MOKSHA: liberation
MUDRA: a type of exercise in
Hatha Yoga
MUKTI: liberation
MULA AVIDYA: primal ignorance
MULA BANDHA:
a Hatha Yogic exercise
MULADHARA CHAKRA: centre of spiritual energy located
at the base of the spinal column
MUNI: an ascetic
MURKHA: foolish
NAIYAYIKAS: followers of the Nyaya school of Indian
philosophy
NAMA: name
NAVA RIDDHIS: the nine minor spiritual
powers
NETI, NETI: not this, not this
NIDIDHYASANA: profound
meditation
NIRABHIMANATA: free from ego-centred attachment
NIRABHIMANI:
one who is devoid of Abhimana
NIRAKARA: formless
NIRAVAYAVA: without
limbs
NIRBIJA-SAMADHI: Samadhi wherein the Bija or seeds of Samskaras are
fried by Jnana
NIRGUNA: without attributes
NIRGUNA BRAHMAN: the
impersonal, attributeless Absolute
NIRODHA: suppression
NIRVANA:
liberation
NIRVIKALPA: without the modifications of the mind
NIRVIKARA:
unchanging
NIRVISHAYA: without object
NISCHAYATMIKA: with firm
conviction
NISHKAMA: without desire
NISHKRIYA: without action
NISHTHA:
meditation, establishment (in a certain state)
NISSANKALPA: devoid of thought
or imagination
NIVRITTI: renunciation
NIYAMA: observances
NYAYA: logic
OM TAT SAT: a
benediction, a solemn invocation of the Divine blessing
PARAMAHAMSA: the fourth or the highest class of
Sannyasins
PARAMANANDA: supreme bliss
PARAMATMA(N): the Supreme
Soul
PARAM DHAMA: the Supreme Abode (Brahman)
PINGALA NADI: the psychic
nerve-current which flows in the right nostril
PITRILOKA: the world of
manes
PRABHU: Lord
PRACHARANA: A Hatha Yogic Kriya
PRADAKSHINA:
circumambulation
PRAJNA: Chaitanya associated with the causal body in the
deep sleep state
PRAJNANAGHANA: mass of consciousness
PRAJNA-SAKTI: power
of consciousness
PRAKAMYA: unhampered will
PRAKASA:
luminosity
PRAKRITI: Nature, the primitive non-intelligent
principle
PRAMANA: proof
PRANA: the vital force, the
life-current
PRANAVA: same as OM
PRANAVA DHVANI: the cosmic sound of
OM
PRANAYAMA: control of breath
PRAPANCHA VISHAYA: worldly
objects
PRARABDHA: destiny
PRASAD: anything consecrated by being offered
to God or to a saint
PRATIPAKSHA BHAVANA: entertaining a
counter-idea
PRATISHTA: reputation, fame
PRATYAGATMA: Inner Self,
Brahman
PRATYAHARA: abstraction or withdrawal of the senses from their
objects
PRATYAKSHA: direct perception
PRAVAHA: flood-tide
PREMA:
affection
PRITHVI: earth
PUJA: worship
PUNDIT: a learned man
PURITAT
NADI: one of the astral tubes or subtle passages in the body
RAGA-RAGINIS: melodic structures in music
RAJA: king
RAJASIC:
passionate, active
RAJA YOGA: the Yoga of meditation
RIDDHIS: minor
spiritual powers
RISHI: a seer of Truth
RUPA: form
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